It allows you to encrypt files locally and then allow others to be ensured that the files they received were actually sent from you.
This is where GPG’s main approach for encryption comes into play. The public key on the other hand is meant to be given to others, or anyone you want to be able to decrypt your files. The private key is meant to be stored in a fashion stated directly in its name – privately, and not given out to anyone. The new, encrypted file can then only be decrypted with the paired public key. When you encrypt a file with GPG, it uses the private key. These two keys are tied to each other, and are both needed to use all of GPG’s functionality, notably encrypting and decrypting files. GPG keys work by using two files, a private key and a public key.
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